What is a Reverse Osmosis Tank?

Reverse osmosis (RO) is a technology used to remove a large majority of contaminants from water by pushing it under pressure through a semi-permeable membrane. The reverse osmosis tank is a storage container where the purified water, collected after passing through the RO membrane, is stored. The RO filtration process is relatively slow, as water is pushed through the membrane one drop at a time. The tank allows purified water to accumulate, ensuring that when you need water, you have immediate access to an adequate supply.

How Does Reverse Osmosis Work?

The reverse osmosis process generally involves four stages of filtration:

Sediment Filter: This filter captures and removes particulate matter such as dirt, clay, soil, and grains of sand from the water. It serves as the first line of defense, filtering out non-liquid particulate matter from the water source.

Carbon Filter: Carbon filters are used to remove organic compounds that can affect the taste, odor, and color of the water. They also help reduce chlorine, some pesticides, industrial solvents, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and radon gases.

Reverse Osmosis Membrane: The semi-permeable membrane acts as a barrier that separates contaminants from the water. It effectively removes dissolved salts and other particles, allowing only clean water to pass through.

Polishing Filter: Similar to a home water filter, the polishing filter retains any remaining solids as the water passes through different filter media, ensuring that the final product is as pure as possible.

The Reverse Osmosis Process

Reverse osmosis works by using a high-pressure pump to increase the pressure on the feed water side of the RO system. This pressure forces water molecules across the semi-permeable membrane, leaving behind dissolved salts and other contaminants in the reject stream. The pressure required depends on the salt concentration of the feed water—the higher the concentration, the more pressure is needed to overcome the osmotic pressure.

The RO process is straightforward: tap water is pushed through the semi-permeable membrane, removing impurities. As the feed water enters the RO membrane under pressure, the water molecules pass through, while salts and contaminants are rejected and either drained or recycled back into the feed water supply. The purified water that passes through the membrane is called permeate or product water, typically containing 95% to 99% fewer dissolved salts.

Benefits of Reverse Osmosis

Reverse osmosis is capable of removing up to 99% of 65 different contaminants, including lead, fluoride, chlorine, dissolved salts, and more. It is highly effective in treating brackish, surface, and groundwater for both large and small-scale applications. Industries such as pharmaceuticals, boiler feed water, food and beverage production, and metal manufacturing commonly use RO water due to its high purity level.

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